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Bacterial Diversity and Bioprospecting for Cold-Active Hydrolytic Enzymes from Culturable Bacteria Associated with Sediment from Nella Fjord, Eastern Antarctica

机译：南极东部内拉峡湾可培养细菌与沉积物相关的冷活性水解酶的细菌多样性和生物勘探

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The diversity and cold-active hydrolytic enzymes of culturable bacteria associated with sandy sediment from Nella Fjord, Eastern Antarctica (69°22′6″ S, 76°21′45″ E) was investigated. A total of 33 aerobic heterotrophic bacterial strains were isolated at 4 °C. These bacterial isolates could be sorted into 18 phylotypes based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence belonging to four phyla, namely Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. Only seven isolates were psychrophilic, 15 isolates were moderately psychrophilic, and 11 isolates were psychrotolerant. More than 72% of the isolates required sodium chloride to grow. Esterase, β-glucosidase and proteases activities at 4 °C were detected in more than 45% of the strains while approximately 21%, 15% and 12% of the strains possessed lipase, amylase and chitinase, respectively. These results indicate that a relatively high culturable bacterial diversity is present within marine sediment of Nella Fjord and it could serve as an ideal candidate region for bioprospecting.
机译：研究了南极东部内拉峡湾（69°22′6″ S，76°21′45″ E）与沙质沉积物相关的可培养细菌的多样性和冷活性水解酶。在4℃下总共分离出33种需氧异养细菌菌株。这些细菌分离株可以根据属于四个门的16S rRNA基因序列分为18个门型，即阿尔法变形杆菌，丙变形杆菌，拟杆菌和放线菌。只有7株是嗜冷的，15株是中等嗜冷的，11株是抗精神病的。超过72％的分离株需要氯化钠才能生长。在超过45％的菌株中检测到4°C下的酯酶，β-葡萄糖苷酶和蛋白酶活性，而分别有约21％，15％和12％的菌株分别具有脂肪酶，淀粉酶和几丁质酶。这些结果表明，内拉峡湾的海洋沉积物中存在较高的可培养细菌多样性，可以作为生物勘探的理想候选区域。

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